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... The purpose of this experiment is to study the effects of acetylcholine, epinephrine, and temperature on the heart rate of Daphnia magna. ... magna, or water fleas, are small aquatic crustaceans forming one of the orders of the class Branchiopoda. ... magna is a perfect organism for an experiment of this nature because its internal organs are easily visible due to its transparent body (Downer, 1983). ... magna. ... magna are ectotherms, animals that use environmental energy and behavioral adaptations to regulate body temperature. ... magna are dependent on certain enzymes, or proteins, that help the reactions proceed, both of which are temperature dependant. ... magna is directly proportional to the temperature of its surroundings. ... magna. Epinephrine and acetylcholine are neurotransmitters, or substances secreted by neurons that serve as chemical messengers between the cells of the body. Acetylcholine is one of the most common neurotransmitters in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Acetylcholine is released by postganglionic fibers of the vagus nerve (Helms, 1998). The effect of acetylcholine is dependent on its receptor. ... However, receptors in skeletal muscle have the reverse effect when treated with acetylcholine; that is, they contract rather vigorously. ... magna will also increase. ... magna will decrease. ... magna, while acetylcholine will cause a decrease in heart rate. ... magna
The tip of a plastic pipette was cut off at the first graduation from the bottom to enlarge the hole, decreasing the possibility of damaging the D. magna. ... magna was then drawn up from the culture within the jar, and placed onto the well of the slide. ... magna would become attached to the petroleum jelly, thus preventing it from swimming out of the well. ... magna was given approximately one minute to calm down. ... magna was then placed upon the lid. ... magna was once again given one minute to acclimate to the temperature before taking another heart beat recording, following the same method described above. ... magna
This tip of a plastic pipette was once again cut at the first graduation from the bottom to enlarge the hole, lessening the possibility of damaging the D. magna. ... magna, and then multiplying that value by six to get beats/min. ... Two drops of acetylcholine was then added, at a concentration level of 1:10,000, to the D. magna. ... After taking all five readings, the corner of a Kimwipe was once again used to wipe off the excess acetylcholine, and two drops of culture fluid were then added to the specimen. ... magna was allowed approximately two minutes to rest in order to bring the heart rate back to initial time zero reading.
Approximate Word count = 1995
Approximate Pages = 8
(250 words per page double spaced)
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