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Bruxism Bruxism is defined: to grind the teeth, a clenching of the teeth, associated with forceful jaw movements, resulting in rubbing, gritting or grinding together of the teeth, usually during sleep (Hafernik 2002)." This disorder varies in that it can be merely occasional with less intense pain or it can be frequently severe pain. It also varies in the intensity of the force and in the volume of the grinding sounds. Bruxing, or grinding teeth, usually occurs in the early part of the night and sometimes continues throughout the duration of sleep (Mayo Clinic Health 2001). 8% of the adult population have this disorder, and it is thought to be in correlation with rhythmic masticatory muscle activity. RMMA, the abbreviated term, is defined by many jaw muscle contractions. It is concluded that 60% of normal sleepers, which produce no grinding sounds, have RMMA. There is much information recently, by evidence of experimental data, which define the neurophysiology and neurochemistry of rhythmic jaw movements in association to swallowing, chewing, and breathing. Studies on this show the mechanisms related to the reduction of muscle tone, that characterize rapid eye movement sleep. A high percentage presents this RMMA, and this activity is three times more prevalent in bruxism patients and has higher amplitude. RMMA is characterized by the action of both jaw closing and opening muscles rather than Baker 2 alternating these two muscles in the typical chewing pattern. Future research is still needed to answer the "whys" of these conclusions (Lavigne 2003). Causes M any researchers have different explanations and predictions pertaining to why bruxism occurs. Some say that the incorrect bite, or occlusion, of a person could cause bruxing. Others think it is a multifaceted issue (Hafernik 2002). In contrast, there are other psychological explanations as well. Some think it has to do with anxiety and stress, which can lead to other habitual nervous habits.
Approximate Word count = 1216
Approximate Pages = 4.9
(250 words per page double spaced)
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