Gaia
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The book "Gaia: A new look at life on earth", written by J.E. Lovelock, introduces a new- age religion represented by the Gaia hypothesis. According to the Gaia hypothesis, the physical and chemical state of the terrestrial surface is not a set of accidental conditions, but a dynamic equilibrium, called homoeostasis, which is generated and maintained by life itself to match its needs; Gaia.
James Lovelock discovered Gaia from outer space. In the 1960's he was asked by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Nasa to help design experiments to detect life on Mars. The Viking Lander gathered and tested some Martian soil for life with no results. Lovelock had predicted this forehand by analyzing the atmospheric conditions of Mars- "it is in a dead equilibrium". By contrast, the atmosphere of Earth is in a "far from equilibrium" state, meaning that there was some other "complex process" going on which maintained such an unlikely balance. He began thinking that what he was seeing was not so much a planet filled with diverse life forms, but a planet transfigured and transformed by a self-evolving and self-regulating living system...