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... Because there was no laws at the time specially addressed the abuse of children by their caretakers, the New York police department refused to take action. ... The Ellen¡¯s rescue and the dramatic trial, led to the recognition of children abuse. (Bremner, 1971)
Children abuse becomes a more serious problem and this problem spreads rapidly. The importance of recognition of children abuse is not only economic costs for treatment and prevention but also the impact of abuse on child¡¯s overall development from abuse to adulthood. Children abuse includes child physical and emotional abuse, neglect, and sexual abuse. According to Marsh and Barkley, ¡°Physical abuse usually includes scalding, beatings with an object, severe physical punishment, slapping, punching, and kicking; neglect includes deficiencies in care giver obligations, such as educational, supervisory, shelter and safety, medical, physical, or emotional needs of the child, as well as physical abandonment; Sexual abuse includes touching (fondling) of the breasts or genital areas of the child (or having the child perform acts on the adults), vaginal or anal intercourse, exposure to indecent acts, sexual rituals, or involvement in child pornography¡±. In this paper, I will discuss cause, symptom, treatment, prevention, and impact on development in adolescent and adulthood of children abuse generally. ... Psychiatric Approach
This model focuses on the parent or other adult as the perpetrator of abuse. ... When a child abuser is assumed to be mentally ill or emotionally deviant, the appropriate treatment would be psychotherapy or counseling. ... Social Approach
Basic to these theories is the idea that social stresses, working in interaction with certain aspects of cultural milieu and with family dynamics, build up aggression in the form of children abuse. The factors that increase children abuse include socially isolation, economic factors, violent neighborhood, and so on. ... Parents¡¯ perception of the child-rearing and interpersonal responsibility is not developed appropriately. In some cases, abusive parents cannot perceive the child¡¯s need appropriately or can overestimate the child¡¯s role and ability so that they abuse when their expectations do not meet child¡¯s performances. Sometimes, child has to play a parenting role as caring their parents or siblings or earning money at home reversely. ... According to this theory, parents who maltreat their child is characterized by lower development forms When such individuals encounter stress, their methods of copying should also be characterized by mechanisms characteristic of the immature person. As I discussed here, children abuse is not a result of only parents¡¯ psychological pathology, but the product of environmental stressors acting upon individuals with particular psychological makeup. ... Ecological Approach
The model that results from Belsky¡¯s synthesis is of Bronfenbrenner¡¯s materials makes available to us a comprehensive framework for the understanding of behaviors of children abuse. ... ¡± It suggests the societal attitudes toward violence in general, societal expectations about child discipline in the home and at school, and the overall violence in the country and in the community. ... Unemployment and poverty, that increase economic hardship or loss of esteem and power, has been found to be a common factor in children abuse, as well as lack of job satisfaction. Community violence such as drug deals and mugging to stabbing, shootings, and murders is also associated with abuse. Community violence may contribute to the increasing spousal violence and children abuse in the family. Social isolation from neighborhood networks, support groups, and extended family is also major contributor to abuse. Such supports play important roles in children abuse because the parents can rely on those supports in times of stress. IN addition, information from educational institutions, the media, and social networks influence parental child-rearing practice. In this system, a parents¡¯ developmental history can be a factor to increase the probability of children abuse by predisposing him or her to respond to stress with aggression.
Approximate Word count = 3125
Approximate Pages = 12.5
(250 words per page double spaced)
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