pelvic floor
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PELVIC FLOOR
The lower limit of the pelvic cavity is the pelvic outlet. The pelvic outlet is closed by the pelvic diaphragm (PD).
PD
fibromuscular funnel-shaped septum that forms the floor of the pelvis.
Separates pelvis from the perineum.
Supports contents of the pelvis.
Perforated in male by urethra & anal canal
in female by vagina & anal canal
Divided into 2 halves- right & left halves
Consists of superior fascia, muscle and inferior fascia
Muscle fibres slope downwards & backwards to midline forming a gutter-shaped floor.
They have a continuous linear origin from the pelvic surface of the body of pubis in front across the white or tendinous arch of the obturator fascia to the spine of ischium and from one lateral wall to the other.
The muscle consists of the levator ani (LA) and coccygeus muscles.
LA consists of 2 parts:
Pubococcygeus (PC)-main part
Iliococcygeus- posterior part of LA
Therefore, LA & coccygeus may be regarded as one morphological entity divided into
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus
Ischiococcygeus
PC is divided into 3 parts
Anterior fibres- levator prostatae (pubo-prostaticus)- in the male
Pubo-vaginalis (sphincter vaginae) - in the female
Middle fibres- puborectalis
Posterior fibres- pubococcygeus
LEVATOR ANI
ORIGIN
PC
A: medial part of pelvic surface of body of pubis
B: Lateral part of pelvic surface of body of pubis
C: Anterior half of white line
Iliococcygeus
A: Posterior half of white line
B: Pelvic surface of ischial spine
INSERTION
PC
A: fibres closely surround prostate & insert into perineal body in males
surround vagina & insert into perineal body in females
B: Partly form a loop or sling around the anorectal junction
C: Coccyx.
Iliococcygeus
Anococcygeal ligament & tip of coccyx...