flight physiology
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1. The retina is the "photographic film" of the eye. It's a coating that surrounds the eyeball and contains the photosensitive receptor cells called rods and cones. These cells connect to a shit ton of nerves which eventually becomes the optic nerve (the axons of the ganglion cells form the optic nerve; I just wanted to say shit ton) and is a direct extension of the brain and therefore is part of the central nervous system (CNS). Rods contain rhodopsin and are especially important in seeing at night aka scotopic vision. Rods are more concentrated in the outside (periphera) of the eye. Cones on the other hand are located in the fovea and are more important for seeing during the day. Cones contain idopsin are also responsible for seeing color. Basically what happens is light hits the retina and the opsins split apart which begins vision. From there the neurotransmitters in the rods and cones makes the bipolar cells, that are connected to the ganglion cells, fire off some graded potentials which in turn make the ganglions fire off some action potentials and sends another shit ton of messages to the brain via the optic nerve...