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Name of leader: Joan of Arc (Jeanne d’Arc) Lifespan: January 6th, 1412 – May 30th, 1431 Title: The Maid of Orleans Country/Region: France Years in Power: 1424-1431(when she first heard the “voices” to her death at the stake) Political, social, religious, economical conditions prior to or during the leader’s period of power: Although at the time Jeanne d’Arc was born a shaky truce was still in effect between France and England, a civil war had erupted between two parties of the French Royal family which would allow the English to re-invade. With the French divided into warring parties and negotiations to renew the truce with England a failure, King Henry V invaded France in August of 1415 after exclaiming his family's faded claim to the French throne. The English quickly annihilated the now weak French defense on October 25th. In 1417 the English returned and conquered much of northern France and also gained support of the new Burundian Duke, Philip-the-Good. He agreed to recognize Henry V as the legal heir to the French throne while rejecting the rival claim of the man whom Joan would consider the rightful successor, Charles of Ponthieu. Joan of Arc (Jeanne d’Arc) was born in the village of Domrémy. She was the fourth of five children born to Jacques d’Arc and Isabelle Romée, who were "pious Catholics and good farmers." The d’Arc family were considered in the “peasant” class of society but they were wealthier than most commoners during there time they owned their own land and were wealthier than most of their fellow villagers. So at this time France was in need for a heroine such as herself, making it a perfect time for her to lead the French army to victory. Ideology, Motivation, Goals: She was spoken to by god and saint and was told she would lead the French to victory in their war against England. This was her motivation to fight even though odds seemed against her. She was fighting in the name of god with the goal to save France. Although she did fight, she strongly desired peace and wished for a good and rightful king on throne (King Charles of Ponthieu). She also wished to be considered equal to men, which she expressed by cutting her hair to resemble a man. Many people thought she was crazy in fact but she still persisted. Significant and events during term of power: In 1424 when she was 12, Jeanne first started hearing voices. These voices were from three saints: St. Catherine, St. Margaret, and St. Michel. These voices came to her and told her to travel to the duke and lead the French army. She eventually did by disguising herself as a man because she knew women received less respect) and traveled the trek. Unfortunately when she arrived she was quickly reject and dismissed Due to constant persistence she eventually did gain permission from the duke to join the army. Once in power she quickly led the army to many battles, her most famous one being “The Battle of Orleans.” Unfortunately the French Catholic government saw her as a heritic and persecuted her as one. A jury who attempted to manipulate her put her to court but her awe-inspiring answers baffled them. Eventually the persecutors used the excuse that her voices from the saints were satanic and she was to be executed immediately. She was burned at the stake as a witch on may 30th, 1431, but even the executioner himself remorsed in saying “we are all damned for we have killed a saint.” Short-term affects: She led the French to victory in the Battle of Orleans and many more against the English. She in fact saved France. She also renewed peoples faith in god through her many visions and miracles. Long-term affects: Joan of Arc today is a saint in the Catholic Church. She is the patron saint of France and died as a martyr. Without her France may be part of England today. She is remembered and prayed to on her feast day. Name of leader: Joan of Arc (Jeanne d’Arc) Lifespan: January 6th, 1412 – May 30th, 1431 Title: The Maid of Orleans Country/Region: France Years in Power: 1424-1431(when she first heard the “voices” to her death at the stake) Political, social, religious, economical conditions prior to or during the leader’s period of power: Although at the time Jeanne d’Arc was born a shaky truce was still in effect between France and England, a civil war had erupted between two parties of the French Royal family which would allow the English to re-invade. With the French divided into warring parties and negotiations to renew the truce with England a failure, King Henry V invaded France in August of 1415 after exclaiming his family's faded claim to the French throne. The English quickly annihilated the now weak French defense on October 25th. In 1417 the English returned and conquered much of northern France and also gained support of the new Burundian Duke, Philip-the-Good.
Approximate Word count = 3300
Approximate Pages = 13.2
(250 words per page double spaced)
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