advantages and disadvatages of free international trade
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It is well known fact that the most important advantage in favour of the International trade is the increasing of the society's welfare. However, tariffs and quotas decrease the opurtunity to gain extra welfare from the use of the comparative advantage and labour division. Therefore, any perfect economy would be without any trade constraints but we should bear in mind it also would be without any borders, political influence, etc So, before we judge if the trade constraints are good or bad for the science of scarcity we have to consider a large number of aspects of the world's economy and social science. Sometimes restrictions are bad for the economy but sometimes governmets and the domestic industry need them. It is clear that my mere knowledge in Microeconomics won't allow me to give you a complete answer of this difficult task but I will try to go through all the effects that trade restrictions cause and explain in what circumstances tariffs and quotas are healthy for a country's economy.
Politicians' opinion is that the best use of the trade restrictions is in the protection of the national industry. It is true that they are able to reduce and even eliminate the external concurrence and increase the domestic production. This leads to decrease in unemployment and helps the national growth. However, I think the better way for the government to help the national's industry is to give it internal subsidies and thus help the domestic business to compete more efficiently. An import tax leads to higher prices for the consumers and causes a deadweight loss for them...