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Patterns of Feeding Feeding in Invertebrates: Invertebrates have no spine, they have many methods of feeding: Filter Feeding – Mussels are filter feeders, (essentially immobile animals) they acquire oxygen and food across their extensive gill surface, and release metabolic waste into the surrounding water. A mussel captures oxygen and microscopic food particles in flowing water through filtration. Mussels continuously pump water through their bodies. They pump the water in over their gills which are covered with tiny hairs called cilia, the detritus in the water gets caught in the hairs. The mussels use these hairs to filter food from the water. Female mosquitoes mouthparts form a long piercing-sucking proboscis. Males differ from females by having feathery antennae and mouthparts not suitable for piercing skin. A mosquito’s principal food is nectar or similar sugar source. Females however feed upon the blood of animals, by piercing the skin where possible with their proboscis they inject some of their saliva which attacks nearby cells and causes blood to rush to the area where it then gets sucked out by the powerful throat muscles of the mosquito. Mosquitos are known carriers of the deadly malaria parasite, the malaria bacterium is carried in the saliva which is injected into the victims of the mosquito. The cause of malaria is the one celled parasite plasmodium. The malaria parasite enters the human host when an infected Anopheles mosquito takes a blood meal. Inside the human host, the parasite undergoes a series of changes as part of its complex life-cycle. Its various stages allow plasmodia to evade the immune system, infect the liver and red blood cells, and finally develop into a form that is able to infect a mosquito again when it bites an infected person.
Approximate Word count = 1024
Approximate Pages = 4.1
(250 words per page double spaced)
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