Short Notes on PIV for Micro Nano Measurements
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Abstract: Particle image velocimetry (PIV) has emerged as an effective and mature tool for flow visualization and measurement technique for its non-intrusive nature. The basic working principle of a PIV system is deriving the flow velocity from particles' motion in an interrogation window by determining the average displacement within a short period. This approach only yields velocity accuracy up to the first order and inherently assumes that particles travel freely while faithfully following the flow. We briefly discuss the application of PIV in micro/nano fluidic measurements by addressing several important issues, such as the limit of particle size, the limit of diffraction of light, and the instrumentation. Lastly, we include some research directions that we plan to carry out in future.
Key words: particle image velocimetry, micro/nano fluidic measurements, diffraction limit, particle size, epi-fluorescence, CCD camera.
1. INTRODUCTION
The ability of making micron-scaled devices integrated with electronic circuits (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems, MEMS) frees up plenty of room at the bottom for research. Things are made smaller to achieve better response time, materials/waste saving and cost effectiveness. These devices, including microfluidic components and biotech integrated chips-on-glass, are inherently involved in low-Reynolds-number flows, in which inertial forces are negligible and viscous and other forces dominate...