Darwin
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The theory of evolution were one of the most controversial discoveries in history. However, it was the necessary spark that lead to movements in the field of science that are important to us today. This evolution theory, triggered by Charles Darwin, lead to a storm of controversies which have not abated even to this day. Conflicts between religious convictions and science and creationism verses evolution began. There was a small uproar in the 1920's when the teachings of Darwin were to be presented in schools, which lead to many court cases including State v. John Scopes ("The Monkey Trial"). Additional conflicts were caused by the rival of Darwin, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, who had his own explanation for evolution. Nothing like the one Darwin was proposing to the world. For some time these two were in a war with each other over this idea of evolution.
When the idea of evolution was introduced, creationists could not exactly accept Darwin's ideas after being raised in such a manner to believe that the world was one created by a greater power...