Realism
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Realism
Thucidities
- fear b/c of ancarchy
- strong do what they want to , and the weak deal
- arms race
- alliances don't work- self serving,
- war begin as defensive and move to argressive
Machiavelli
- ends justify the means
- better to be feared then to be loved
- morals are flexable for the good of the state
- ethic and politics are divorced from each other
Hobbes
- people suck
- lifeis brutish nasty and short
- everyman for them self
- war is the natural state
- without hegemon there would be war
- wanted strong central authority
Rousseau
- man is natural peaceful and shy
- structures cause problems- conflict of agenda
- looks at society as it ought ot be
- wanted confederation- wouldn't work because nobody would give up their freedom
- states work because someone is in charge but states don't have anyone in charge, wants international law but it won't work
- states make laws to preserve peace
Bull
- people are bound by moraliy and law
- order and world politics reset upon balance of power and agreed upon rules or norms
Waltz
- neorealist: constraints on decision makers are from the structure of the system and not the people
- more than one cause for every situation- need to address multiple levels but international level explain the most
- system causes the entity of war, but any specific war has an individual cause
Gilpin
- war in how the system change
- to change the system you need conflict
- peaceful change is an anomaly
- international system is not static
- change is not explained in political science because it is hard
- equilibrium > cost of maintaining status quo > more cost than benefits to maintain> go to war > new equilibrium
Keohane
- realism explains a lot
- realism tells us why things suck but it doesn't help us solve it
- realism does not. . .. move forward or generate new theories
- realist can't explain change- major power shifts or hegemons
- doesn't address peaceful change
Krasner
- International political economy
- Realists care how power influences the economy > who has the material goods, people will seek economic power and relative gain> specific reciprocity- short term gains
- Pluralist care about market failure- absolute gains- assume open market, difuse reciprocity- long term gains
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