Templars
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The Templars
In medieval Europe, Catholic Church had absolute power. From the poor servant to the noble King everything was accountable to the Church. In terms of politics and religion the Church almost always determined the course of action as it happened, when the pope Urbanus II decided to sent the first crusaders.( Riley-Smith, 1999) Under the dogmatic rule of the Church people had little to say and few to think. Nevertheless, through reneissance and reform Western civilization find its way towards Enlightment and broke the oppression of the Church on political matters.
To understand the Western civilization which has evolved so radically, it is essential to examine the Templars because their significance was not limited to their military power or prosperity, but also it included a permanent influence on Western Civilization. Although they have been dismissed in 1307, by being a model for other military and even non-military Orders, their principles and beliefs has been adopted by masses and inspired many,such as towards humanism and enlightenment.
The Order of Temple was founded in 1119 with the aim of protecting pilgrims around Jerusalem. Under the leadership of Hugh De Payens they were nine knights and called themselves the 'Poor Knights of Jesus'. (Riley-Smith, 1999) In fact, the formal foundation of the Order took place in the Council of Troyes,that is chaired by Saint Bernard...