effects of levels of processing on memory
- This is a preview of the essay.
To view the full text you must login!
Levels of Processing An Introduction
Memory is a central part of people's lives, and is used every day. Three theories of how memory works have been put forward: the working memory model, the multistore model and the levels of processing model. The one I will investigate is the levels of processing theory of memory.
In 1971, Rundus put forward the idea that the more an item of information is rehearsed, the more likely it will be that the information is remembered. This is an extension of Ebbinghaus' theory (1885) that information must be repeated in order to remember and repeat them. The Levels of Processing theory of memory challenged these theories and was first put forward by Craik and Lockhart in 1972. This theory suggested that information is more likely to be remembered if it is processed on a deeper level, rather than just through simple maintenance rehearsal. It differs from Rundus' theory because instead of asserting that information is more likely to be remembered if it is rehearsed, the level at which the information is processed is seen to be more important. Three levels of processing were defined. At the shallowest level, information is processed visually (according to its physical appearance)...