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Advanced Group Work

Advanced Group Work

Group Work „³ the facilitation of group process (development) through responsive, planned interaction

Group Process „³ the process of development which every group experiences; similar to individuals who go through a process of birth and growth of developmental psychology

Group Dynamics „³ the patterns of interaction which occurs between members in groups; the study of behaviour in groups

Personal Characteristic of an Effective Leader:
„³ courage                    „³ presence               „³ openness
„³ personal power               „³ inventiveness               „³ willingness to model
„³ goodwill and caring               „³ stamina               „³ belief in group process
„³ self-awareness                    „³ aware of own culture/values     „³ sense of humour
„³ non-defensive in coping with criticism          „³ willingness to seek new experiences
„³ personal dedication/commitment

Group Leadership Skills:
„³ active listening               „³ reflecting               „³ clarifying          
„³ summarizing                    „³ facilitating               „³ empathizing
„³ interpreting                    „³ questioning               „³ linking          
„³ confronting                    „³ supporting               „³ blocking
„³ diagnosing                    „³ modeling               „³ suggesting          
„³ initiating                    „³ evaluating               „³ terminating

Problems and Issues Facing Beginning Group Leaders:
„³ getting the group started               „³ what techniques to use
„³ liking people more than other               „³ mistakes causing psychological harm
„³ applying theories                    „³ amount of self-disclosure
„³ prolonged silences                    „³ not participating enough
„³ group attacks                         „³ group isn‘¦t helping people change
„³ following through with initiated tasks          „³ waiting for the group to initiate the activity
„³ not enough cultural knowledge/skills          „³ not being able work with so many people at one time

Issues of Group Leader Competence and Training:
„³ leader is not properly qualified               „³ leader lacks training
„³ leader lacks basic knowledge/skills          „³ leader is unable to recognize personal limitations

Advantages of the Co-Leadership Model:
„³ reduces the chance of burnout
„³ two jobs can done at one time
„³ if one leader is absent, the group can proceed with the other leader
„³ leaders can explore feelings their feelings with each other
„³ valuable assistance; help each other discuss issues
„³ decreases chance of counter transference
Disadvantages of the Co-Leadership Model:
„³ co-leaders rarely meet with each other out side of group; lack of synchronization
„³ chance for competition and rivalry
„³ may not trust each others interventions
„³ one leader may side with members against the other leader
„³ co-leaders use time in group sessions to deal with their own intimate/relationship struggles
Pre-Group Issues Facing Co-Leaders:
„³ taking no time to get to know each other personally/professionally before you begin
„³ not discussing theoretical orientation and how you perceive a group
„³ not discussing concerns/reservation about co-leading
„³ not talking with each other about strengths and weaknesses
„³ disagreeing on ethical aspects of group

Guidelines that Will Assist Members to Gain the Most From a Group Experience:
„³ establishing trust          „³ expressing feelings          „³ awareness of jargon
„³ disclosing with comfort          „³ actively participating          „³ expect life disruptions
„³ listen closely/discriminatingly      „³ pay attention to feedback     „³ don‘¦t categorize oneself
„³ discover positive aspects of self

Guidelines for Opening Sessions:
„³ ask members to participate; check-in by stating what they want from upcoming session
„³ give members opportunity to share what practice they have done outside of the group
„³ ask members if they have unresolved feelings about previous session
„³ begin session by letting group know what you think of group progression
„³ in an open group, introduce new members
Guidelines for Closing Sessions:
„³ let members leave session with unanswered questions
„³ have members make a statement concerning their level of investment/energy
„³ create realistic homework assignments          „³ have members give one another feedback
„³ if changing/leaving members inform group a week in advance

Ethical Issues Involved in a Group:
„³ informed consent                    „³ involuntary membership
„³ freedom to withdraw from a group          „³ psychological risks for members
Assuring Ethical Practice:
„³ consult with colleagues, work with co-leader     „³ seek out supervision/training
„³ keep up with recent research/trends          „³ attend conferences/workshops
„³ actively pursue and evaluation process with group members

Leader‘¦s Values and Roles:
„³ values influence how one leads a therapeutic group
„³ increase your effectiveness by becoming aware of your own values and the subtle and direct ways you might influence the group
„³ challenge members to discover what is right for them ‘V not to persuade them to do what you think is right
„³ encourage members to clarify their own values and goals, make informed decisions, choose a course of action, and assume responsibility and accountability for the decisions they make
„³ be aware of own attitudes, beliefs and behaviours and how these apply in a diverse society
„³ express values if you are able to do so in a nonjudgmental manner that does not burden members
„³ if necessary, refer clients to someone else because the conflict inhibits your objectivity
„³ remain objective when working with values that are different from you own

Attracting Members to a Group:
„³ personal contact with potential members is one of the best methods of recruiting
„³ contact people who might direct clients to you (referrals)
„³ be familiar with community resources, agencies, schools, rec centre, churches and educate them about your group
Potential Clients Should Know:
„³ goals of the group                    „³ basic procedures
„³ what will be expected of them               „³ what they can expect of the leader
„³ major risks
Practical Procedures for Announcements/Recruitment:
„³ classroom presentations          „³ hallway posters          „³ PA announcements
„³ newspaper articles               „³ teacher contacts          „³ parent letter/bulletin
„³ peer referrals                    „³ student handbook          „³ closed circuit cable TV

Screening/Selecting Members:
„³ ask yourself ‘§should this particular person be included in this particular group at this time with this leader‘¨
„³ subjective process that requires intuition and judgment
„³ begin with preliminary screening sessions then asses and choose members
„³ if individual interviews is possible; develop questions to ask in a screening interview for your particular group
„³ conduct a Pre-Group Meeting that focuses on goal setting, sharing expectations and establishing ground rules (confidentiality, respect, no fighting, freedom to choose, etc)

General Areas of a Proposal:
1.


Approximate Word count = 2389
Approximate Pages = 9.6
(250 words per page double spaced)
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