Management Styles
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This essay outlines some of the key interventions in development and evolution of management theory. It discusses management theory in relation to the practice of management and in the key context of operational issues.
Management theories have been designed to isolate and explain the key elements in the practice of management, in order to identify the most effective management theories.
The most crucial development on management before the 20th century was the industrial revolution. As products were developed at home there was no need to plan and organise systems / people. As things developed and large numbers of people manufactured products it was essential to put strategies in place to coordinate and intergrate activities.
The first group of early management theorists who set the framework of many current ideas of management were the classical theorists. Adam Smith was one of these theorists, who agued that business and society would benefit from the discussion of labour. The division of labour breaks the job into small, simple, repetitive tasks.
The highly influential scientific management theory was developed in 1911 by Frederick Taylor who proposed four great underlying principles for improving production efficencey;
Behavioural theory takes many issues which have traditionally been interpreted as internal matters of human functioning and, in effect, externalize them...