HATE CRIME OR SECTARIAN VIOLENCE NEED FOR CRIMINAL PROFILING Haider Rizvi Consultant Clinical Psychologist Associate Professo
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Hate crimes constitute a unique class of violence against a person's identity, demanding distinctive psychological, legislative and policy responses. Hate crimes are motivated by self-defense, where perpetrators interpret the victim's actions as a threat to their ideology, where perpetrators view themselves as enforcers of social norms that deem unacceptable; thrill-seeking, where perpetrators commit assaults to alleviate boredom; and peer dynamics, where perpetrators aim to prove their toughness and heterosexuality to friends.
Researches reveal that victims of hate crimes undergo higher levels of psychological distress, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anger, than victims of other crimes. Hate crimes can cause victims to view the world and people in it as malevolent and experience a reduced sense of control. According to one research, hate crime victims needed as much as five years to overcome the emotional distress of the incident compared with victims of non bias crimes, who experienced a drop in crime-related psychological problems within two years of the crime.
Hate crime, also known as bias crime, which has been has been defined as:
"A criminal offense committed against a person or property which is motivated, in whole or in part, by the offender's bias against a race, religion, ethnic/national origin, or sexual orientation group".
The number of murders in Karachi in the last 12 years fluctuates between 1500 annually (3.56/day approximately). As many as 80% go unsolved, as many as 20% involve assailants unknown to the victim, and many others never come to justice. Perpetrators of stranger murder have a better than 80 percent chance of going unpunished
HATE CRIME: is the better terminology used for such types of crimes as presently prevailing in the city...